Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Risk is inherent in adventure tourism. Without risk, adventure tourism will lose their\nexcitement and uniqueness. Managing risk in commercial adventure tourism operation is\nessential for the safety of travelers. The improper risk management in this business may lead\nto some issues such as injury and accidents. Risks involved in adventure tourism are\nfrequently highlighted by the media, usually after a reported accident of fatality. The\nincreased in the number of reported accidents by media in the adventure tourism sector\nrecently, may give significant effect and harmful impact on business as well as the whole\ntourism industry. Thus, it is important for the commercial adventure tourism businesses and\ncompany providers to have effective tools and model(s) in managing the risk effectively to\navoid any circumstances that lead to accidents in order for the business to run smoothly with\nhigh reputation and confidence of customers. This study explores whether or not Malaysian\nadventure tourism businesses adhere to any risk management guidelines or models. Two\npreliminary case studies of adventure tourism businesses in Malaysia illustrated that these\nbusinesses have no specific guidelines and risk management models that adventure tourism\nbusinesses should adhere to. In addition, findings from this study also demonstrated that no\nspecific regulations imposed by the government for adventure tourism businesses to comply\nto. This study advises on the application and implementation of the Event Management Body\nof Knowledge (EMBOK) model as part of Malaysian adventure tourism businesses risk\nmanagement responsibilities....
This is a research paper that is focused on evaluating the effects of associated factors\n(Quality, Service and Environmental) that influence customer satisfaction at a small\nrestaurant.\nThis research uses a defined population of 500 restaurant members. The calculated sample\nsize was 222 respondents chosen using systematic random sampling. Data analysis was\nconducted through SPSS, v23. Appropriate tests were applied to 4 variables determined as\nCustomer Expectation, Perceived Quality, Perceived Value and customer satisfaction\nextracted from the ACSI index.\nThe result shows that females are the target purchase group. Environmental factors respond\nmostly to Customer expectation and Perceived Quality; Quality and Environmental factors\nrespond mostly to Perceived Value, Quality and Service; and Environmental factors influence\nCustomer Satisfaction. From this study, Perceived Quality and Perceived Value are\nsignificantly positive for customer satisfaction but Customer expectation does not appear to\npositively affect customer satisfaction.\nThe results indicate that customers focus on the actual experience achieved and overall\nfeeling relating to the product and service experience - which together appears to support the\nACSI theory. The assessment revealed that quality and service factors relating to Customer\nExpectation and Perceived Quality; Service/Environmental factors relating to Perceived\nValue need to be facilitated, as it can improve overall customer satisfaction for small\nrestaurants. Moreover, it was realised that the demand for further examination related to the\ncustomer satisfaction is high and the need for developing more effective service delivery\nimprovements centred on customer feedback....
Strategies for retaining existing students are becoming increasingly important for selffinanced\ntertiary education institutions as profitability increases as the average length of\nrelationships with students increases. There is a stiff competition among these institutions\nfor attracting and retaining students because there is a major determinant of competitiveness\nand therefore, they have been taking steps to improve student services. Yet, the number of\nstudents in tertiary education institutions is declining as they are unable to retain their\nstudents. Interestingly, research on ways to retain students in self-financed tertiary education\nsector in Hong Kong has been sparse. Satisfaction of students with their respective\ninstitutions has been a key measure of the ability of an educational institution to retain\nstudents. Nevertheless, competition has become so stiff that the institutions need to look for\nstrategies that go beyond the basic satisfaction and help develop a sense of loyalty among\nstudents. In this context, barriers to switching institution, i.e. moving from one institution to\nanother, is also an important driver of student retention, which has an impact of its own, as\nwell as concurrently with satisfaction level. The magnitude and effectiveness of switching\nbarriers moderate the correlation between student satisfaction and student retention. A new\nconceptual model that links the moderating effect of switching barriers on the correlation\nbetween student satisfaction and student retention is proposed....
The dry border between the North of Portugal and Galicia presents structural, demographic\nand economic problems that must be overcome, but also natural, cultural and touristic\nresources that must be enhanced. From a more critical perspective, tourism must be\ndiscussed as an important strategic sector for the economy of Galicia-North of Portugal\nEuroregion and in particular, the dry bordersâ?? economy, providing benefits, in a sustainable\nway. Border regions have been targeted areas for some EU-level investment interventions in\norder to allocate infrastructure and equipment considered key to boosting the territory,\nattracting investment in order to establish residents. The symbolic capital of this region lies\nprecisely in its natural, architectural landscapes, as well as in several products in the region\nframed globally in endogenous resources. The aim of this research is to identify the potential\nfor strategic cooperation between these two territories, and understand residents'\nperceptions about the impact of tourism, as an important economic activity, in these regions,\nthrough strategic partnerships between stakeholders and DMOâ??s, in the two countries, and\nalso by valuing the border as a tourism destination, and not just as a line separating two\nterritories and two nations....
The purpose of the present work was to evaluate burnout and economic hardship of\nprimary school teachers in the city of Arta, Epirus, during the school year 2017-2018.\nQuestionnaires (n=125) were collected from sixteen schools located in the city of Arta. The\nlevel of Burnout was estimated using a modified Greek version of the Maslach Burnout\nInventory and the level of economic hardship was estimated using the Barrera Economic\nHardship questionnaire. Teachers were grouped in three groups (Low, Medium and High)\naccording to their scores on emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal\naccomplishment. Work experience and age were related with different levels of emotional\nexhaustion. Teachers with age 31-40, had 10.9% increased presence in the group of highlevel\nemotional exhaustion. Teachers with 6-10 years of experience had 31.8% in the group\nof high-level emotional exhaustion. Significant correlations were observed between\nemotional exhaustion and depersonalisation (r=0.321, P<0.01); emotional exhaustion and\npersonal accomplishment (r=-0.42, P<0.01); depersonalization and personal\naccomplishment (r=-0.431, P<0.01); depersonalization and difficulty in meeting debt\nobligations (r=0.198, P<0.05); depersonalization and difficulty in buying commodities\n(r=0.206, P<0.05). The age group of teachers which exhibited a high level of emotional\nexhaustion is the group which faces a long teaching career until retirement. It is alarming to\nsee high levels of emotional exhaustion of this age group. Emotional exhaustion can reflect\nprofessional stress and be a precursor of depersonalisation. Further research and policies\nshould be employed to counteract any negative consequences of teachersâ?? prolonged\noccupational stress and economic hardship....
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